■モデルナ製ワクチン、冬前に追加接種必要 半年後から効果低下も

　アメリカのバイオ製薬モデルナは５日、開発した新型コロナウイルスのワクチンについて、有効性を維持するために３回目の追加接種（ブースター接種）が「冬のシーズンを前に必要になる」との見解を示しました。２回目の接種から６カ月は有効性が９割を上回る一方、６カ月後からインド型（デルタ型）などの変異ウイルスに対する予防効果が低下し始めると指摘しました。
　モデルナが公表した臨床試験（治験）のデータによると、２回目の接種から６カ月間は有効性が93%となります。ただ、感染拡大が深刻となるデルタ型変異ウイルスなどに対しては、接種後に体内でつくられウイルスの働きを抑える「中和抗体」の量が６カ月後から低下し始めると指摘しました。
　治験を進めるブースター接種についての研究結果も、併せて公表。ブースター候補として従来ワクチン、デルタ型に特化したワクチンなど３種類で治験を進めており、いずれもデルタ型に対する予防効果を高めることを確認したといいます。
　スティーブン・ホーグ社長は同日の決算説明会で、「ワクチンの有効性は６カ月間維持されるものの、抗体レベルは徐々に低下し、有効性に影響を与える。冬を前にブースター接種が必要になる」と述べました。
　ブースター接種を巡っては、イスラエルやドイツ、フランスなどが接種に動く一方で、世界保健機関（ＷＨＯ）は公平な供給の観点からブースター接種を９月末まで中止すべきだとの見解を示しました。アメリカでは７月上旬、疾病対策センター（ＣＤＣ）と食品医薬品局（ＦＤＡ）が「現時点で必要ない」との見解を示しました。
　モデルナが同日発表した2021年４～６月期決算は、売上高が前年同期比65倍の43億ドル（約4790億円）、最終損益が27億ドルの黒字（前年同期は１億1700万ドルの赤字）でした。同期間に新型コロナワクチンを１億9900万回分販売しており、売上高は42億ドルでした。同ワクチンは世界50以上の国・地域で緊急使用などが承認されており、2021年には８億～10億回分を生産する計画です。

　２０２１年８月７日（土）

タグ：健康創造塾 ニュース 健康ダイジェスト

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